Some information What is IP , TCP , DNS , Proxy and More ...
IP (Internet Protocol) is the primary network protocol used on the Internet, developed in the 1970s. On the Internet and many other networks, IP is often used together with the Transport Control Protocol (TCP) and referred to interchangeably as TCP/IP.
Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and Internet Protocol (IP) are
two distinct network protocols, technically speaking. TCP and IP are so
commonly used together, however, that TCP/IP has become standard
terminology to refer to either or both of the protocols.
IP corresponds to the Network layer (Layer 3) in the OSI model, whereas
TCP corresponds to the Transport layer (Layer 4) in OSI. In other words, the
term TCP/IP refers to network communications where the TCP transport is used to
deliver data across IP networks.
The average person on the Internet works in a predominately TCP/IP environment.
Web browsers, for example, use TCP/IP to communicate with Web servers.
An IP address is a logical address for a network
adapter. The IP address uniquely identifies computers on a TCP/IP network.
An IP address can be private - for use on a local area network
(LAN) - or public - for use on the Internet or other wide area
network (WAN). IP addresses can be determined statically (assigned to a
computer by a system administrator) or dynamically (assigned by another device
on the network on demand).
Two IP addressing standards are in use today. The IPv4 standard
is most familar to people and supported everywhere on the Internet, but the
newer IPv6 standard is planned to replace it and starting to be
deployed.
IPv4 addresses consist of four bytes (32 bits). Each byte of an IP
address is known as an octet. Octets can take any value between 0 and 255.
Various conventions exist for the numbering and use of IP addresses.
The Internet, and many larger private Internet Protocol
(IP) networks, rely on the Domain
Name System (DNS) to help direct traffic.
The DNS maintains a distributed database of network names and addresses, and it
provides methods for computers to remotely query the database. Some people call
DNS the "phone book" of the Internet.
DNS clients (called resolvers) wanting to use DNS must have it
configured on their network. Resolvers query the DNS using fixed (static)
IP addresses of one or more DNS servers. On a home network, DNS server
addresses can be configured once on a broadband router and automatically picked up by client devices,
or the addresses can be configured on each client individually. Home network
administrators can get valid DNS server addresses from either their Internet
service provider or third-party Internet DNS providers like Google
Public DNS and OpenDNS.